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Compound
A compound is formed from the combination of two or more element which are chemically combined together. Examples are:
- marble chips/ Limestone/ Chalk (Caco3),
- sodium chloride (Nacl),
- caustic soda or Sodium hydroxide (Na OH),
- Lime water or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
- Lime (Cao)
- Epsom salt/water (MgSO4. 7H2O)
- Urea (CH4N2O)
- Clay (Al2O3 2SiO2 2H2O)
Note: A compound a formed as a result of chemical changes. Therefore,
it is a new substance with entirely different properties from its
component element.
Read more on Elements
Read more on Elements
Compound and their component Element.
Compound | Component element | Formula |
Ammonium hydroxide | Nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen | NH4 OH |
Sand | Silicon and oxygen | SiO2 |
Ethanol | Carbon, Hydrogen, and oxygen | C2 H5 OH |
Glucose | Carbon, Hydrogen, and oxygen | C6 H12O6 |
Washing Soda | Sodium, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen | Na2CO3 .H2O |
Soap | carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen | C17 H35COO Na |
Formulae of compound
Compounds
Formula of compound can be derived or deduced from the valency of
component element or radical. Examples are given below:
Compound | Formulae |
Sodium tetraoxosulphate (vi) | Na2 SO4 |
Potassium trioxocarbonate (iv) | K2CO3 |
Ammonium tetraoxosulphate (vi) | (NH4)SO4 |
Aluminium oxide | Al2O3 |
Ammonium hydroxide | NH4OH |
Calcium hydrogen trioxocarbonate (iv) | Ca(HCO3)2 |
Sodium dioxonitrate | Na NO2 |
Calcium trioxonitrate (v) | Ca (NO3)2 |
Ammonium trioxocarbonate (iv) | (NH4)2CO3 |
Mixture
Mixture is a substance which contains two or more compounds which are physically combined together. Examples:
(a) Salt and water
(b) Kerosene and water
(c) Milk
(d) Iron filling
(e) Sulphur
(f) Sugar solution etc.
Note: A mixture is a product of physical change. Therefore, it cannot be represented by any chemical equation.
Differences between compound and mixture
Compound | Mixture |
· The components of a compound are | The constituent of a mixture are |
Chemically combined. | Physically combined |
· It is homogeneous in nature. | It is heterogeneous in nature. |
· The properties of a compound is individual | The properties is the sum of the |
totally different from its component | Properties of its constituent. |
Element. | |
· It can be represented by simple chemical Chemical Equations. | It cannot be represented by simple equations. |
· The components are in fixed ratio. | The constituents are not in fixed ratio. |
There is an evidence of a chemical reaction reaction In a compound. Therefore, it cannot be separated constituents by physical means. | There is no evidence of a chemical In a mixture. Therefore, the Of a mixture can be separated by Physical means. |
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