Compound and mixture; Examples and differences

 

Compound

A compound is formed from the combination of two or more element which are chemically combined together. Examples are:

• marble chips/ Limestone/ Chalk (Caco₃), 
• sodium chloride (Nacl), 
• caustic soda or Sodium hydroxide (Na OH), 
• Lime water or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) 
• Lime (Cao) 
• Epsom salt/water (MgSO4. 7H2O)
• Urea (CH4N2O) 
• Clay (Al2O3 2SiO2 2H2O) 

       Note: A compound a formed as a result of chemical changes. Therefore, it is a new substance with entirely different properties from its component element.




        Read more on Elements

Compound and their component Element.

Compound	Component element	Formula
Ammonium hydroxide	Nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen	NH4 OH
Sand	Silicon and oxygen	SiO2
Ethanol	Carbon, Hydrogen, and oxygen	C2 H5 OH
Glucose	Carbon, Hydrogen, and oxygen	C6 H12O6
Washing Soda	Sodium, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen	Na2CO3 .H2O
Soap	carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen	C17 H35COO Na

Formulae of compound

 Compounds Formula of compound can be derived or deduced from the valency of component element or radical. Examples are given below:

Compound	Formulae
Sodium tetraoxosulphate (vi)	Na2 SO4
Potassium trioxocarbonate (iv)	K2CO3
Ammonium tetraoxosulphate (vi)	(NH4)SO4
Aluminium oxide	Al2O3
Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH
Calcium hydrogen trioxocarbonate (iv)	Ca(HCO3)2
Sodium dioxonitrate	Na NO2
Calcium trioxonitrate (v)	Ca (NO3)2
Ammonium trioxocarbonate (iv)	(NH4)2CO3

Mixture

Mixture is a substance which contains two or more compounds which are physically combined together. Examples:

(a)    Salt and water

(b)   Kerosene and water

(c)    Milk

(d)   Iron filling

(e)   Sulphur

(f)     Sugar solution etc.

Note:  A mixture is a product of physical change. Therefore, it cannot be represented by any chemical equation.

        Differences between compound and mixture

Compound	Mixture
·         The components of a compound are	The constituent of a mixture are
Chemically combined.	Physically combined
·         It is homogeneous in nature.	It is heterogeneous in nature.
·         The properties of a compound is individual	The properties is the sum of the
totally different from its component	Properties of its constituent.
Element.
·         It can be represented by simple chemical Chemical Equations.	It cannot be represented by simple equations.
·         The components are in fixed ratio.	The constituents are not in fixed ratio.
There is an evidence of a chemical reaction reaction In a compound. Therefore, it cannot be separated constituents by physical means.	There is no evidence of a chemical In a mixture. Therefore, the Of a mixture can be separated by Physical means.